--感谢华东师大艺术系硕士研究生徐进提供并整理该文资料－洪啸音乐教育工作站--

福建师范大学 硕士论文 指导教师：王耀华 乔建中

中文摘要 本文以蒙古族的历史发展、宗教信仰、生产生活和风俗习惯为背景，以蒙古族长调牧歌的形态特征为基础，采用音乐学的理论和分析、比较的方法，借鉴民族学、历史学的研究方法和成果，对蒙古族长调牧歌进行研究。具体要点归纳为以下几个方面：一、蒙古族长调牧歌是具有悠久历史的民歌体裁，其生成发展与我国北方游牧民族的宗教信仰、风俗传统和历史发展有着密切的关系。通过考查阿尔泰语系部分民族的民歌可知，在其民间音乐中都或多或少地存在着与蒙古族长调牧歌相似的歌词内容和旋律形态。二、蒙古族长调牧歌是蒙古族在以草原自然环境为对象，以游牧生产生活为内容的活动过程中形成的审美认识的体现。无论是其旋律形态、歌词内容，还是美学特征，都鲜明地反映出蒙古高原上以天地、牧人、牲畜为核心的草原游牧文化特色。三、游牧迁徙是蒙古族生产生活的主要特征，因此，蒙古族长调牧歌的形态特征和表现内容，也随着生活环境的改变而发生相应的变易。蒙古族长调牧歌与内蒙古西部地区的爬山调，在部分形态特征和表现内容上的相似性，体现了蒙古族民歌与汉族民歌的融合及其交流。四、蒙古族长调牧歌作为蒙古族代表性的艺术体裁，仍然是当今蒙古族人民表达思想感情的艺术形式，在音乐教育、音乐创作、音乐表演等领域得到了广泛的关注。所以，对蒙古族长调牧歌的深入研究，是继承和发展蒙古族音乐文化的重要基础理论工作。  

英文摘要 Against the background of the historical development, religious faith, productive life and ways and customs of the Mongols and on the basis of the characteristics of the form of the pastoral song, this paper make a profound study of the Mongolian pastoral song with a long drawn - out tune. The study is made by using theoretically analytical and comparative methods of the study music and by learning from the methods adopted in the study of ethnology and history. The study boils down to the following points: 1. The Mongolian pastoral song with a long drawn - out tune is a kind of folk song with a long history. Its coming into being and development is closely connected with the religious faith, customs, tradition and historical development of the nationalities in Northern China. Investigating part of the Altaic folk song we find their folk music is somewhat similar to the Mongolian pastoral song in the content of the words and the form of melody. 2. The Mongolian pastoral song with a long drawn - out tune embodies aesthetic awareness of the Mongols which took shape in the course of nomadic productive activities in the grasslands. Whether in the form of melody, or the content of the words, or the aesthetic characteristics it clearly reflects the features of the grassland culture with heaven, earth, herdsmen and animals as the core. 3. The production and life of the Mongols are characterized with migration. Therefore the formation and content of the pastoral song varied with the change of the environment in which they live. The similarity of the pastoral song to the mountain climbing song in the western part of Inner Mongolia shows the fusion and exchange of the Mongolian folk song and that of the Han. 4. as a representative form of art the Mongolian pastoral song with a long drawn - out tune is still an artistic form through which the Mongols express the feelings. The song draws wide attention in the fields of musical education, musical creation, and musical performance. Thus, the study of the pastoral song is an important theoretical work to chary on the develop the Mongolian musical culture.