--感谢华东师大艺术系硕士研究生徐进提供并整理该文资料－洪啸音乐教育工作站--

中国艺术研究院 硕士论文 导师：项阳

中文摘要 鲁西南鼓吹乐作为一种具有浓郁地方风格的鼓吹乐形式,以其实力雄厚、曲目丰富、技艺高超、风格独特的艺术魅力闻名遐尔,在山东鼓吹乐以及全国各鼓吹乐形式中独树一帜,鲁西南地区也获得了“唢呐之乡”的美誉。对于鲁西南鼓吹乐的研究从上个世纪中叶至现在为止,已走过了半个多世纪的历程,研究从起步到发展、从片面到全面的每一个环节无不凝聚着几代人为之奉献的心血。时至今日,时代在前进,学术在发展,回顾历史,却发现研究有着其不可避免的阶段性特征。本文遵循民族音乐学的学科理念,以一个民间乐班为视角,将鲁西南鼓吹乐置于礼俗的土壤之中,使其社会、实用功能还原;置于文化的背景之中,综合考察、审视,试图更深入、全面地把握鼓吹乐的实质。本文的研究对象——王家鼓吹乐班,是一个生活在鄄城县的乐人群体。由他们演奏的音乐无不渗透着乡土的风情、闪耀着生活的光彩、折射出文化的痕迹。因此,对乐班生活、礼俗等文化背景的研究将是揭示音乐实质的有效途径。本文在借鉴许多民族音乐学研究成果的同时,也努力做出自己的特色: 在2004—2006年近两年的时间里以5个较为集中的时期跟随乐班作跟踪采访,获得了大量的第一手资料;完整记录了乐班在“淡季”和“旺季”期间仪式活动的全部情况,力图真实、全面地反映乐班的生活面貌;记录了乐班的“生活日志”,这是深入了解乐班、艺人的一个必要组成部分;刻意关注经济在乐班生活、音乐文化中所起的作用;在记述仪式活动时,除了运用双窗口视察、实录的记述方式外,还运用了日志的形式;通过对一个相对传统、完整的丧葬仪式的实录,引发出对音乐许多新的认识;全面、深入地记录了新时期乐班传承的主要方式——学校教育;提出“乐班文化”概念,以一个视角比较山东省其他地区与本地区乐班文化的异同;通过历时与共时的梳理,以及在田野工作中的感触,认识到鼓吹乐在当今是一个大的体系,鲁西南鼓吹乐是鼓吹乐的一个下属分支,一种地方特色的凸现;音乐的实用功能性使得音乐与礼俗依附共生;今天的丧葬仪式与几千年以前的“周礼”居然有着诸多的一致性,古老的三献礼在今天依然有它的生存土壤。通过对这个乐班音乐现象作个案分析,可透视到整个鲁西南地区以至更广范围内民间乐班发展的原动力、内在机制和风格特色。同时,鲁西南音乐又是鲁西南乃至整个山东地方音乐文化的一个重要组成部分,研究它,对于了解山东地方民间音乐的发展规律,充实山东地方文化的研究内容,发掘并发扬山东地方音乐文化的特色与优势,都有着重要的现实意义。我国民族器乐发展的历程离不开不同地区民间乐种的发展,对鲁西南乐班进行的区域性研究,将有利于对我国各地鼓吹乐班的的发展与现状的微观认识与宏观把握,并进一步丰富和完善我国乐种研究体系。民族音乐学虽然是一个学科,但更重要的是一种理念——把音乐研究的目光拓宽至整个文化的氛围内。它的现实意义就在于启发我们如何全面、综合的看问题,对音乐我们不能老是强调它的特殊性,这实际上是在强调了他的局限性,而是要把音乐融入大文化的背景之中综合考察,这样,往往会有新的收获、发现一片新的天地。  

英文摘要 Luxinan Guchuiyue, a strong Guchuiyue of local music as a style of music that form its strong and rich repertoire, superb skills and unique style of art known charm-Fall in Shandong and national Guchuiyue and forms carve its own, Luxina areas also received a "Suona the township" reputation. Luxinan Guchuiyue for the study from the music to the middle of the last century now, has gone through more than half of the course, starting from research to development, from every part of a comprehensive one-sided account of several generations of people have lived together in the effort of dedication. Today, in our era, in the development of academic, history, but research has found its inevitable stage characteristics.The study subjects followed the ethnomusicology ideas to a civil music association perspective, Luxinan Guchuiyue placed ritual of the soil, its social, practical function restored;Under cultural background, comprehensive study, examine, try to deeper, advocate a more comprehensive grasp of the essence of music. The research - Royal music association is a group of people living in Juancheng country. They perform music from the infiltration of native customs without exception, shines with the splendor of life, a cultural refraction of the mosque. Therefore, the music classes life, rites, cultural background research will be an effective way to reveal the real music. In many folk music from ethnomusicology research results, but also to make its own characteristics :2004 — 2006 two years and five times more concentrated classes for tracking interviews with music, there was a huge amount of first-hand information;integrity recorded music classes in the "low season" and "high season" all the activities during the ceremony, to real, comprehensive picture of the life of the music association;recorded music classes "life log" is a profound understanding of music classes, a necessary component of artists;deliberate attention to economic life in music classes, music culture role;In recording ceremony activities, In addition to the use of double-window inspection, the authentic records of accounts manner, but also in the form of a log;Through a relatively traditional, complete funeral ceremony authentic records, triggered a new awareness of the many music;Comprehensive, in-depth recorded music classes outside the main way in the new era — school education;"Music association culture" concept to a perspective more in the region of Shandong Province and other parts of the music classes cultural differences;through which the diachronic and synchronic idea, and the feelings in fieldwork, recognizing that in todays music is a big system, and Luxinan Guchuiyue is a subordinate branch, a prominent local characteristics;Today's funeral ceremony and thousands of years before the "Ritual" has a lot of consistency, the ancient "three salute" rituals today still has its survival soil.Although Ethnomusicology is a subject, more importantly to the music — a concept study eyes widened to the whole culture atmosphere. Its relevance lies in how we inspired a comprehensive, integrated approach to music we can not always emphasized its specificity, which is highlighted in his limitations, but it into a music culture comprehensive study of the background, so that often there will be new harvesting, found a new world.