学位授予单位 东北师范大学  

中文关键词 中小学;音乐教师;教学技能;伴奏音型  

导师 王日昌  

论文级别 硕士  

学科专业名称 音乐学  

中文摘要音乐教育是对学生进行美育教育和智力开发的重要手段,也是国民素质教育的重要组成部分,在由应试教育向素质教育转轨的今天,音乐教育逐步成为中小学教学的主要内容。音乐作为一门艺术课程,在中小学阶段的主要任务是应当让学生较为准确地感觉和感受音乐的能力。即中小学音乐教学主要在于借助声音、旋律,使学生获取音乐信息和音乐记忆,获得潜在审美意识与审美愉悦体验,激发潜思维。而中小学音乐教师是实施音乐教学的主导者,起着举足轻重的作用。回顾过去,我国实行九年制义务教育以来,音乐教育的成败得失有着多方面的原因,而主要问题还在于音乐教师本身,也就是说,教师的良莠优劣直接影响了音乐教育的质量和效果。在中小学音乐课堂教学中,歌曲教学是经常进行的内容,歌曲伴奏的优劣,直接关系到教学效果的好坏。好的歌曲伴奏不但有烘托、渲染、补充音乐形象之功能,还能起到引导、指挥学生演唱和激发学生学习兴趣的作用。这不仅是弹奏基本功的问题,还涉及到歌曲伴奏中的“音型”手法问题。创造性的选择好、设计好伴奏音型是弹好歌曲伴奏准备工作中的重要内容。那么,中小学音乐教师究竟应该如何恰当地选用歌曲伴奏中的“音型”,这一问题值得大家共同关注和研究。因此,本文从中小学音乐教师的实际情况出发,紧密结合中小学教学的实际,针对中小学音乐教师选配伴奏音型的技能普遍较低的问题,从伴奏音型的重要意义、中小学音乐教师在运用伴奏音型时存在的问题以及选用伴奏音型的方法等方面进行了具体阐述,并在文中提出了新的看法和见解,从而使中小学音乐教师有章可寻,能够在自学自练的基础上,迅速提高音乐教学中歌曲伴奏的能力,以便更进一步地提高中小学音乐课的教学质量。  

英文摘要 The music education plays an important role in aesthetic education andintelligent development, is also the key constituent of the national diathesis training.The music education trends to be the main contents of the primary and junior highschool teaching gradually, especially in today’s society which is transferring fromexam education to diathesis education. As music is a portal art program, the main taskin primary and junior high school stage should train the students to have capabilityfeel and master music accurately. The musical teaching mainly makes the studentobtain the music information and music memory, with the help of sound and melodyand acquire the aesthesia consciousness with appreciates pleased experiencespersonally. But the teacher is the guider of musical teaching, also has prominent effect.Although there are a lot of reasons for the success and failure in music education,since nine years system compulsory education is carried out, the teacher is the basicreason. In the other word, we can say the quality of the teacher has more effect onteaching achievement. In primary and junior high school music classroom teaching,the song teaching is usually the contents that steer, good and bad song accompany, isrelated to the quality of the teaching result directly. The good song accompanies notonly have the function that sets off by contrast, exaggerate, supplement music image,but can still rises guidance, preside the student sings on stage to encourage the studyinterest of the students. This is a basic play ability, as well as " tone type" skill subject,still involve the song accompany amid. So choosing and designing accompany tonetype Creatively, it is an important contents to play song accompany well. How tochoose the song of application accompanies amid of" tone type", this subject deserveseverybody together concern with study. Therefore the author of this passage will talkabout it, bonding primary and junior high school teaching of practice, aiming atsolving the problem that some teacher can’t choose the accompany tone typesuccessfully, the author indicates some new ideas and views, which involve in thesignificant meaning of the accompany tone type, the common problems appear inprimary and junior high school music teaching, and good suggestions for this subject.After reading this passage, the teachers in school can improve teaching ability in theaccompany tone type by self study and practice; according to this foundation, they canserve in primary and junior high school music lesson of the teaching well.  

DOI CNKI::CDMD:10200.2.2005.2914