--感谢华东师大艺术系硕士研究生徐进提供并整理该文资料－洪啸音乐教育工作站--

学位授予单位 南京师范大学  

中文关键词 音乐教育;范式;审美;多元文化教育  

导师 管建华  

论文级别 硕士  

学科专业名称 音乐学  

中文摘要 当前的普通学校音乐教育为一种审美范式所主宰。作为一种宽泛的界定,审美范式概括了一大批音乐教育实践者和理论者的思维。他们的信念:美育,然后音乐教育;他们的问题:音乐教育过程如何成为审美过程?他们的解题方式:以情感人,以美育人。审美范式的历史样式有三种:强调教育功用的音乐审美——陶冶式;追求表演效果的音乐审美,技能主义——训练式;追求过程美育的音乐审美,反技能主义——体验式。 这种范式的引领下教育实践面临着一些无法解决的问题:“学生喜欢音乐但不喜欢音乐课”成为十分流行的话语;音乐课越来越陷入唯美的泥潭,成了面向少数学生、演给少数人看的“节目”。 将视界扩展到现代西方哲学、后现代教育学与课程论、比较音乐学、文化人类学和音乐人类学等多个学科领域,重新审视音乐教育的理论。音乐教育理论必须突破审美范式,实现文化转向。把文化理解作为音乐教育的基本前提,把审美放回它应有的位置。这要从两个方面做起。一要扩大并重建学术基础。充分地吸取其他人文社科的研究成果,以保持自身的活力。作为学科基础的音乐学,不应是早已“限于西方艺术音乐”的“音乐学”,而应代之以“范围包括所有时代所有民族的音乐”的“音乐人类学”。二要立足于实践教育学的层面,从亲身实践入手,以意义探寻取代普适规律的探究。  

英文摘要 The present music education in common school is under the thumb of aesthetic paradigm.In its broad definition, aesthetic paradigm includes the ideas and thinking of a large number of music practitioners and theorists. They hold the belief that aesthetical education should go before music education. However the problem facing them is how to turn music education into aesthetic one. The solution to it is: to move people and educate people with aesthetic fetching.There are three traditional patterns of aesthetic paradigm: paying attention to its educational function that is, molding people' s temperament; striving for performance, which is skillism; aiming at learning by practicing, which is the opposition to skillism.There are some insolvable problems facing the music education in regular schools. There is a popular saying that students are fond of music but take no interest in music lessons. As a result, the music lesson is given for its own sake. It' s becoming "performance" for few people.If we reconsider music education based on modern western philosophy, postmodern pedagogy and curriculum, comparative musicology, anthropology of culture, anthropology of music, we will find that the aesthetic paradigm of music education must be broken through, realizing the changing of culture. We should place the knowledge of culture on the basis of music education and make the appreciation of beauty in place.To realize this goal, we should behave like the following: first, we should enlarge and rebuild the basis of this theory based on absorbing the research fruits of other field such as humanity and society, in order to keep it alive. Musicology, a basic subject of music education, is not the course limited by western musical trend, but the anthropology of music that includes all the folk music of times. Second, our theory should come from practice, which is based on reality instead of theory research.  

DOI CNKI::CDMD:10319.2.2004.9592