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中文关键词 山东省,高师音乐教育,性别差异,因性施教

中文摘要

本文回顾了1980年来中国普通音乐教育发展与改革的历程,列举了通过改革取得的一系列的成绩,剖析了我国中小音乐教育现状,旨在明确今后学校音乐教育改革的思路和方向。20多年来学校音乐教育的主要成果主要包括:确立了学校音乐教育的重要地位;逐步建立起各级艺术教育行政部门;制定了一系列指导中小学音乐教育工作的法规和文件;师资队伍建设初见成效;引进了多种国外音乐教学法及新的教育理念,更新了人们对音乐教育的观念。这一切有效地推动了整个学校音乐教育事业的发展,标志我国学校音乐教学水平有了明显提高。但我国音乐教育发展的现状不容乐观,主要问题体现在:学校音乐教育的定位不清;忽视学生作为艺术审美主体的地位;教材内容亟待扩展;教学方法有待提高和更新;师资队伍素质较低;学生整体音乐素质不高等等。这些问题严重影响了音乐教育事业的进一步向前发展。本文从联系教学理论与实践的重要环节——教学法入手,提出今后学校音乐教育改革的主要任务是:在音乐人类学的视野下,依据全球化、多元化、本土化原则扩充与改造教学内容;重视提高艺术审美主体——“学生”的审美愉悦,从“合唱体验”和“器乐演奏”两方面加强学生艺术实践;还要在“高师音乐教育先行”的前提下培养中小学校师资。21世纪的中国音乐教育面临着前所未有的机遇和挑战,本文希望通过剖析中国音乐教育现状,在深入学习和借鉴奥尔夫音乐教育理念和原理的基础上,探索出一条符合中国国情的音乐教育改革之路。  

英文摘要 This article reviews the development and the reform of the music education in the universities of China since 1980, analyzes the present situation of the music education in our country and enumerates a series of achievement which obtained through the reform. The achievement includes establishing the important status and all levels of educational administration department of the music education gradually, formulating a series of regulations and documents which can be used to guide the work of the music education in the middle schools, winning initial success of the construction of teachers and introducing new idea of music which renews the knowledge of music to urge the teaching level of our country to enhance distinctly and to impel the development of music education effectively. But there are many questions at present such as the unclear localization of music education and the neglect of esthetic principle in main body of music education and the low quality of teachers and the low quality of the student. The teaching content and the teaching method urgently should be expanded. These questions seriously affect the further development of music education. In order to solve these questions, the author contrasts the foreign music education system and the Chinese school music education system from the aspect of the teaching method which is a key link between the teaching theory and the practice, expounds the special significance of the Orff music education system to the reform of the Chinese school music education, absorbs the profits from the Orff music education system and reaches a conclusion that we should pay more attention to humanist-facing all students in the next reform of our music education. It is necessary to pay great attention to the globalization in the expansion and the transformation of the teaching content. We should begin with the chorus construction and the instrumental music experience in the main body practice of the artistic esthetic experience. We also should give priority to the development of higher teacher education in the construction of teachers. Chinese music education is facing the unprecedented opportunity and the challenge in the 21st century. The author hopes to explore ways of music education reform according with China’s actual conditions  

DOI cnki:CDMD:11524.2.2006..KDH