--感谢华东师大艺术系硕士研究生徐进提供并整理该文资料－洪啸音乐教育工作站--

学位授予单位 华中师范大学  

中文关键词 巴托克;《小宇宙》;新民族主义;新古典主义  

导师 张昌年  

论文级别 硕士  

学科专业名称 文艺学

中文摘要巴托克（Bela Bartok，1881-1945）的《小宇宙》是一本堪称二十 世纪音乐母语的教材，是被全世界音乐家们所公认的“不朽的现代钢琴教材”，是被全世界音乐教育工作者们所广泛采用的现代音乐入门教材。但在我国，这套教材并没有得到它应有的重视。原因是多方面 的，其中最主要的原因是由于这套教材中所体现出来的现代音乐观 念，所采用的现代音乐语汇，以及所产生的独特音响效果，与在人们观念中根深蒂固的传统音乐（即巴洛克时期、古典时期、浪漫时期的 音乐）相去甚远，而我国钢琴教学长期以来一直是以传统音乐为主要 教学内容，人们对现代派音乐缺乏足够的了解与认识，因此可避免地阻碍了《小宇宙》教材，在我国钢琴教育推广。 本论文主要是从《小宇宙》与二十世纪音乐作曲技法，与二十世 纪音乐美学的联系，以及这本教材中所蕴涵的现代教学思想三个方面，对它进行研究。并得出以下结论：一、《小宇宙》是二十世纪上 半叶新音乐的各类风格和各类手法的缩影。它为人们提供了在音阶、 调式、和声、复调、节奏等方面的新样式，新的风貌。它是二十世纪音乐语汇的最佳入门教材。二、《小宇宙》是巴托克个人音乐创作的 缩影，是其音乐风格的具体体现。巴托克以现代音乐美学中“创新” 与“个性化”美学倾向为导向，从民族民间音乐中吸收民间音调素材 ig辇霎奔5】朋十受付伶丁 ＼’、。一yMu丁ERS 了NE引S 与精神，掌握古典主义音乐的形式感与结构感，最终将它们融合在一 起，形成了巴托克个人、博大、丰富、多元的创作风格。三、《小宇宙》是二十世纪钢琴教材的典范。它向人们指明现代钢琴教材已成为 现代音乐教育的载体。从中我们可以了解到是现代音乐教育思想：1．S 现代音乐教育最基本的性质即审美性。2．现代教育应牢固地建立在本 民族音乐的基础上。3．现代音乐教育应注重时代性。4．现代音乐教育 应具备科学性。’ 《小宇宙》作为一本成功的将东欧音乐民族文化与西欧音乐文化精髓完美的结合起来的现代钢琴教材。研究《小宇宙》教材对发展我 国的音乐教育事业，促进我国音乐教育的民族化与现代化都具有极强 的惜鉴意义。

英文摘要 《Micro cosmos》 of bartok bela is a teaching material about the music in the 20 century The educators all over the world generally acknowledge this book as a valuable modern teaching material of piano. Many piano teachers used it to teach their students in Europe. On the country, few of people taught it to the young people in China. There are many-faced reasons. All of it, the main reason was the large distinction between the modern music and traditional music about the musical conception, the musical vocabulary and the sound effect. The modern music was unfamiliar to many people. The traditional music, which included the Baroque, romantic, and classical age, was the main teaching content. The lack of knowledge of modern music limited on the wide-ranging use of 《Micro cosmos》 in China. This thesis studied on the contact which between 《Micro cosmos》 with 20 century compose technology, 20 century musical aesthetics, and the modern teaching ideology. I came to the conclusion. Firstly, 《Micro cosmos》 was the miniature of the new style and new technique of music in 20 century . It provided many new forms about the scale, the modulation, the harmony, the rhythm, and etc. Secondly, 《Micro cosmos》 was the epitome of musical creation and personality aesthetics, Bartok assimilated the melody and spirit from the folk, Bartok also grasped the form of classic music. At the end, Bartok took these factors into an entirety and formed the various styles. Thirdly, 《Micro cosmos》 was the model of the piano lesson in 20 century. The modern piano teaching material was the carrier of the modern musical education. We could learn many teaching thought from it. Fore example, we can see the aesthetic judgment was the important part of the modern musical education. We also can see the Folk was the foundation of the modern musical education were emphasized by modern educator. Through the study on 《Micro cosmos》, it could help the development of the musical education enterprise, accelerate the modernization and nationalism of the musical education in China.  

DOI CNKI::CDMD:10511.2.2001.7012